http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2546 2026-04-04T08:38:36Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/8801 Title: Proceedings of the 13th Open and Distance Learning Seminar (ODLS) Authors: Research and Knowledge Management Office (RaKMO) Abstract: Open and Distance Learning rather than conventional learning, commands a higher potential in creating a knowledgeable society and related socio–economic transformation benefits. ODL offers many benefits and presents significant challenges that can hinder the learning experience. Using desk review methods, this paper identified major challenges in ODL, assessed the importance of ODL, and approached to designing effective instructional materials. Evidence from international experiences reveals that most of educational institutions adopt multiple and comprehensive materials targeting at diverse students’ backgrounds such as location, access to internet and library, students’ awareness to technologies, age of the students, and employment backgrounds. The review also identified various factors affecting ODL in different contexts. These factors are access to technology, students’ self-motivation, social isolation and limited interaction, inadequate support systems, cultural and linguistic barriers. The potential of these and other ODL factors in various countries in general and in Ethiopia in particular affected the provision of quality education due to underdeveloped infrastructure and resource limitations. 2025-09-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/7979 Title: Proceedings of the 12th Open and Distance Learning Seminar (ODLS) Authors: Research and Knowledge Management Office (RaKMO) Abstract: This paper sought for exploring the role and importance of quality assurance systems in open and distance learning mode. The article began with the introduction of the gradual development of quality assurance in general and proceeds with the definition and explanation of quality, quality assurance and purposes of quality assurance. The paper elaborated the concept of open and distance learning, quality imperative in open and distance learning, the role of quality assurance in open and distance learning, and the challenges and opportunities of quality assurance in open and distance learning. Lastly the paper stated the implication of Saint Mary‟s University (SMU) in focusing on its open and distance learning division 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/7851 Title: Re-imagining Open and Distance Learning in Developing Countries August, Authors: Negalign, Lamesgnew Abstract: This conference paper explores the evolution of distance education and the potential of immersive technologies to revolutionize it. A systematic review of 29 sources was conducted to identify the different stages or generations of distance education, predict future trends and challenges, and recommend technological and innovative solutions for improving distance education in Ethiopia. The findings suggest that distance education has evolved through four distinct stages: correspondence education, multi-media model, online education, and immersive technology-based education. This paper argues, Immersive technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) have the potential to revolutionize distance education by providing students with immersive learning experiences that were not previously possible. However, there are a number of challenges that need to be addressed before immersive technology-based distance education can be widely adopted, such as the high cost of devices, lack of access, and the need for more high-quality content. In Ethiopia, immersive technologies are unlikely to replace traditional distance education or online education in the near future. However, they may benefit those who can afford them. 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/7398 Title: Examination Administration Practices in College of Open and Distance Learning (CODL) of St. Mary’s University: Implication to Quality Assurance: The Views of CODL Staff Authors: Girma, Melaku Abstract: The intent of the study is to explore the situation of exam administration practices in CODL, SMU from staff perspectives. An exam malpractice has advanced into a lucrative and organized criminal activity. This is a problem which is not restricted to any one country, but that of global proportions. For exam in ODL to solve the very important purpose for which it is meant to serve, considerations should be given to security. ODL institutions must try to ensure the maintenance of high standards in the conduct of exams. Hence, there is a need for the institutions to embrace exam ethics. This is done via very high level of professional and administrative resources. Likewise, this brings pressure to bear on the CODL, SMU to maintain proper security, before, during and after examinations. To this effect, areas of concern include, but not limited to, developing regulations, producers, and guidelines; appointing staff of high integrity as supervisors; arranging important monitoring of examination venues; applying sanctions when necessary; and planning and initiating on-line assessments. Finally, invigorating the exercise of writing reports is very important. 2022-08-20T00:00:00Z