Flood Modeling and Frequency Analysis in the Case of Kulifo Watershed Abaya-Chamo Basin

Abstract

This paper generally tells about Flood Modeling and Frequency analysis in the case of Kulifo Watershed, Abaya-Chamo Basin, in Arba Minch, Ethiopia. The objective of this paper is to identify the cause and types of flood, to develop flood frequency curve for different return periods as well as to map flood extent areas of the study region. Kulifo watershed is located in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. It is characterized by sever land degradation resulting in soil erosion, flooding, sediment and nutrient intrusion to Lake Chamo. After few years, flood becomes a challenging disaster and emerging issue for Limat Community. People are affected by excessive flooding each year. A drop of rain leads to erosion and huge sediment transport from the upper catchment which affects the socioeconomic activities of Limat Community. For example, from October to November, 2015, more than 5 vehicles slid down due to siltation on the road; and more than 50 people were injured. The Community uses Kulifo river water for both dirking and washing; but nowadays the water quality is deteriorated due to flood. This can have effects on human health and aquatic life. This calls for both flood modeling and flood frequency analysis to minimize its effect on community life and property.